Which of the following is NOT an example of a viral hemorrhagic fever?

Which of the following is NOT an example of a viral hemorrhagic fever?

• A. Smallpox
• B. Ebola
• C. Rift Valley Fever
• D. Yellow Fever

Answer: (A)

Viral hemorrhagic fevers are a group of viral infections that can cause fever with bleeding due to damage to blood vessels and other parts of the coagulation system. Among the diseases listed, the one that does not fit as a viral hemorrhagic fever is smallpox. Smallpox is caused by the variola virus, a poxvirus, and presents with fever and a characteristic vesicular-pustular rash. Bleeding is not a defining feature and it’s not classified as a viral hemorrhagic fever. The other three—Ebola, Rift Valley Fever, and Yellow Fever—are classic examples of viral hemorrhagic fevers. Ebola virus disease is a well-known hemorrhagic fever with possible severe bleeding; Rift Valley Fever, caused by a bunyavirus, can present with hemorrhagic manifestations; Yellow Fever, a flavivirus infection, can progress to a hemorrhagic form with jaundice and bleeding. So, smallpox stands out as not being categorized as a viral hemorrhagic fever.

Viral hemorrhagic fevers are a group of viral infections that can cause fever with bleeding due to damage to blood vessels and other parts of the coagulation system. Among the diseases listed, the one that does not fit as a viral hemorrhagic fever is smallpox. Smallpox is caused by the variola virus, a poxvirus, and presents with fever and a characteristic vesicular-pustular rash. Bleeding is not a defining feature and it’s not classified as a viral hemorrhagic fever.

The other three—Ebola, Rift Valley Fever, and Yellow Fever—are classic examples of viral hemorrhagic fevers. Ebola virus disease is a well-known hemorrhagic fever with possible severe bleeding; Rift Valley Fever, caused by a bunyavirus, can present with hemorrhagic manifestations; Yellow Fever, a flavivirus infection, can progress to a hemorrhagic form with jaundice and bleeding.

So, smallpox stands out as not being categorized as a viral hemorrhagic fever.